Access denied | bbs.fcgvisa.com used Cloudflare to restrict access
Please enable cookies.
What happened?
The owner of this website (bbs.fcgvisa.com) has banned your access based on your browser's signature (3ef02f6f35b16d1e-ua98).您所在位置： &
&nbsp&&nbsp&nbsp&&nbsp
Electronically Controlled Air Suspension (ECAS) （电子控制空气悬架(eca)）.pdf 23页
本文档一共被下载：
次 ,您可全文免费在线阅读后下载本文档。
下载提示
1.本站不保证该用户上传的文档完整性，不预览、不比对内容而直接下载产生的反悔问题本站不予受理。
2.该文档所得收入(下载+内容+预览三)归上传者、原创者。
3.登录后可充值，立即自动返金币，充值渠道很便利
Electronically Controlled Air Suspension (ECAS) （电子控制空气悬架(eca)）
你可能关注的文档：
··········
··········
Electronically
Controlled Air
Suspension (ECAS)
for Trucks
Maintenance Manual No. 36
Issued 7-99
ECAS System for 6 x 2 and 6 x 4 Vehicles
with Rear Air Suspensions
Service Notes
Service Notes
This maintenance manual describes the correct service and repair procedures for Meritor WABCO’s
Electronically Controlled Air Suspension (ECAS) for Trucks. This manual describes the ECAS system for
6 x 2 and 6 x 4 vehicles with rear air suspensions. The information contained in this manual was current
at the time of printing and is subject to change without notice or liability.
You must follow your company procedures when you service or repair equipment or components.
You must understand all procedures and instructions before you begin to work on a unit. Some
procedures require the use of special tools for safe and correct service. Failure to use special tools when
required can cause serious personal injury to service personnel, as well as damage to equipment
and components.
Meritor WABCO uses the following notations to warn the user of possible safety problems and to provide
information that will prevent damage to equipment and components.
NOTE: A NOTE indicates an operation, procedure
A WARNING indicates a procedure that
or instruction that is important for proper service.
you must follow exactly to avoid serious
A NOTE can also supply information that will
personal injury.
help to make service quicker and easier.
A CAUTION indicates a procedure that
This symbol indicates that fasteners must
you must follow exactly to avoid damaging
正在加载中，请稍后...You may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server. Please enable scripts and reload this page.
Sulphur oxides (SOx) and Particulate Matter (PM) – Regulation 14
SOx and
particulate matter emission controls apply to all fuel oil, as defined in
regulation 2.9, combustion equipment and devices onboard and therefore include
both main and all auxiliary engines together with items such boilers and inert
gas generators. These controls divide between those applicable inside
established to limit the emission of SOx and
particulate matter and those applicable outside such areas and are primarily
achieved by limiting the maximum sulphur content of the fuel oils as loaded,
bunkered, and subsequently used onboard. These fuel oil sulphur limits
(expressed in terms of % m/m – that is by mass) are subject to a series of step
changes over the years, regulations 14.1 and 14.4:
  Outside an ECA established to limit SOx and particulate matter emissionsInside an ECA established to limit SOx and particulate matter emissions4.50% m/m prior to 1 January 20121.50% m/m prior to 1 July 20103.50% m/m on and after 1 January 20121.00% m/m on and after 1 July 20100.50% m/m on and after 1 January 2020*0.10% m/m on and after 1 January 2015 * as required under regulation 14, a review as to the availability of the required fuel oil was undertaken. MEPC 70 (October 2016) considered an assessment of fuel oil avilability and it was decided that the fuel oil standard (0.50% m/m) shall become effective on 1 January 2020 (resolution MEPC.280(70)).The ECAs established are:Baltic Sea area – as defined in Annex I of MARPOL (SOx only);North Sea area – as defined in Annex V of MARPOL (SOx only);North American area (entered into effect 1 August 2012) – as defined in Appendix VII of Annex VI of MARPOL (SOx, NOx and PM); andUnited States Caribbean Sea area (entered into effect 1 January 2014) – as defined in Appendix VII of Annex VI of MARPOL (SOx, NOx and PM).Most ships which operate both outside and inside these ECA will therefore operate on different fuel oils in order to comply with the respective limits. In such cases, prior to entry into the ECA, it is required to have fully changed-over to using the ECA compliant fuel oil, regulation 14.6, and to have onboard implemented written procedures as to how this is to be undertaken. Similarly change-over from using the ECA compliant fuel oil is not to commence until after exiting the ECA. At each change-over it is required that the quantities of the ECA compliant fuel oils onboard are recorded, together with the date, time and position of the ship when either completing the change-over prior to entry or commencing change-over after exit from such areas. These records are to be made in a logbook as prescribed by the ship's flag State, in the absence of any specific requirement in this regard the record could be made, for example, in the ship's Annex I Oil Record Book.The first level of control in this respect is therefore on the actual sulphur content of the fuel oils as bunkered. This value is to be stated by the fuel oil supplier on the bunker delivery note and hence this, together with other related aspects, is directly linked to the fuel oil quality requirements as covered under regulation 18. Thereafter it is for the ship's crew to ensure, in respect of the ECA compliant fuel oils, that through avoiding loading into otherwise part filled storage, settling or service tanks, or in the course of transfer operations, that such fuel oils do not become mixed with other, higher sulphur content fuel oils, so that the fuel oil as actually used within an ECA exceeds the applicable limit. Consequently, regulation 14 provides both the limit values and the means to comply. However, there are other means by which equivalent levels of SOx and particulate matter emission control, both outside and inside ECA, could be achieved. These may be divided into methods termed primary (in which the formation of the pollutant is avoided) or secondary (in which the pollutant is formed but subsequently removed to some degree prior to discharge of the exhaust gas stream to the atmosphere). Regulation 4.1 allows for the application of such methods subject to approval by the Administration. In approving such equivalents an Administration should take into account any relevant guidelines. As of October 2010 there are no guidelines in respect of any primary methods (which could encompass, for example, onboard blending of liquid fuel oils or dual fuel (gas / liquid) use). In terms of secondary control methods, guidelines () have been adopted for exhaust gas cleaning systems which operate by water washing the exhaust gas stream prior to discharge to the atmosphere, in using such arrangements there would be no constraint on the sulphur content of the fuel oils as bunkered other than that given the system's certification.Have your education assessed — Skilled immigrants (Express Entry) - Canada.ca
Search website
Search and menus
You are here:
Have your education assessed — Skilled immigrants (Express Entry)
On this page
An Educational Credential Assessment (ECA) is used to verify that your foreign degree, diploma, certificate (or other proof of your credential) is valid and equal to a Canadian one.
Who needs an ECA?
If you have a Canadian degree, diploma or certificate, you do not need to get an ECA for that credential.
You will need to get an ECA for your foreign degree, diploma or certificate if:
you want to be considered for the Federal Skilled Worker Program (FSWP) under Express Entry, and
you are a , and
you got your education outside Canada, or
you want to receive
(CRS) points for your foreign education&
for yourself as an Express Entry candidate, or
for your spouse or common-law partner coming with you to Canada.
To be eligible under a) or to get points under b) you must include ECA results as part of your Express Entry profile.
The ECA report must show that your completed foreign credential (degree, diploma or certificate) is equal to a completed Canadian
(high school) or
credential.
You must submit an ECA for all levels of completed foreign education you want us to consider. It is up to you to decide which credentials to have assessed by a .
Depending on your case, you may want to have both your secondary and post-secondary credentials assessed, and not just your highest completed foreign credential. You will not get any points for your foreign education under the
in Express Entry or be eligible under the FSWP if the result on your ECA report does not match at least one of the results in the .
Note: An ECA can give you early feedback on how your credentials compare to those in Canada. It may also help when you are looking for a job. But, being assessed does not guarantee that:
you will get a job in your field or at a certain level,
your work experience and professional credentials are automatically recognized in Canada, or
you will be licensed to practice in a regulated profession.
Please check
to learn more about the job market outlook for your occupation in the specific region where you plan to settle.
If you plan to work in a regulated profession, you must still
that you plan on settling in.
A regulatory authority will decide if you can be licensed in a profession. They will assess factors such as your education, experience/competencies and language skills, as well as other factors.
You should contact the regulatory authority in the province where you plan to live as soon as possible. They can give you information about the process for being licensed, including steps you can take before you leave your home country.
How does it work?
We will only accept an ECA from one of the organizations designated by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) (below).
The original ECA report must:
be issued on or after the date IRCC designated the organization,
not be more than five years old on the date that IRCC gets a) your Express Entry profile, and b) your application for permanent residence, and
show your credential(s) is equal to a completed Canadian one.
Note: You will have to provide the reference number from the ECA report in your Express Entry profile, as well as in your application for permanent residence (along with proof of your foreign credential). If we cannot validate the number you enter, you will need to provide an electronic copy to confirm. Keep a copy in case we need to see it.
If you are invited to apply for permanent residence and you do not include this assessment and proof of your foreign credential when you apply, your application is not complete and will not be accepted for processing. Any fees submitted will be returned and you will need to submit a new Express Entry profile to be considered in the future.
Before you submit a profile, check the ECA
to confirm that the result on your ECA report matches at least one of the assessment results listed. You can see how many points you would get for your foreign education under the CRS or the , based on the results of your report.
Designated organizations for ECAs
You can get your assessment from:
(Date designated: April 17, 2013)
(Date designated: April 17, 2013)
(Date designated: April 17, 2013)
(Date designated: August 6, 2015)
(Date designated: August 6, 2015)
(professional body for Doctors) (Date designated: April 17, 2013)
(Date designated: January 6, 2014)
How to choose a designated organization
If you are applying:
as a specialist physician (NOC 3111) or general practitioner/family physician (NOC 3112), the Medical Council of Canada (MCC) must do an ECA for your primary medical diploma,
as a pharmacist (NOC 3131):
if you need a license to practice (for example, providing patient care in a community pharmacy, hospital pharmacy, long term care facility or other practice settings) the Pharmacy Examining Board of Canada (PEBC) must do your ECA,
if you are in a position where you do not need a license (organizations such as the pharmaceutical industry and government which require a pharmacy degree because of the education or skill set, but may not require a licence to practice pharmacy), you can have your credentials assessed by one of the other designated ECA organizations. Contact the regulatory authority in the province where you plan to live to find out if you need a licence to practice your intended occupation.
under any other occupation, check the websites of the other CIC-designated organizations or contact them directly to find which one best suits your needs. Consider:
Some designated organizations partner with certain regulatory bodies or large employers. In that case, the ECA you get for applying to CIC might also help you later on.
For each one, you should check to find out what other organizations recognize their assessments.
Find out what documents you need.
Find out how much it will cost. Costs may vary by organization.
Find out how long an assessment will take.
Note: CIC uses assessments done by the MCC or the PEBC for immigration purposes. They are also used in the process of licensing for those professions. Please contact the regulatory authority in the province where you plan to live for more information about getting a licence.
How to get an ECA
Once you have chosen an organization:
gather all the documents they need (make sure that you ask your school for multiple copies of your diplomas/degrees, transcripts, etc.),
follow any instructions given to submit the documents, and
pay the fees.
What your report means
The organization will give you an original report that will tell you:
whether your credentials are valid, and
if they are equal to a completed Canadian one.
If your assessment report shows that your completed foreign credential is equal to a completed Canadian one, you can include this information in your Express Entry profile. You will get points under the CRS for your highest credential found equal to a completed Canadian one.
You may be eligible to receive points for certain combinations of two post-secondary credentials (whether Canadian, foreign equivalent or a combination of both). If you are invited to apply for permanent residence, you will need to include your ECA reference number when you apply.
If your report shows that your credential is not equal to a completed Canadian credential as outlined in the :
You will not meet the education requirement under the FSWP.
You will not get any points under the CRS.
to see if you could be considered under another program.
If you are getting an ECA report from the Medical Council of Canada or the Pharmacy Examining Board of Canada, your ECA report must show that your foreign education credentials are equal to the Canadian credentials needed to practice that occupation in Canada.
Submitting your report
Report the results of the ECA in your Express Entry profile. Keep all original reports or assessment documents for your electronic application for permanent residence. You may have to provide them later.
Keep a second copy of the report for your records.
Do not request that your ECA report be sent to CIC directly by the assessment agency. You must include the ECA reference number with your complete application for permanent residence.
If you are invited to apply under the FSWP: The 100-point
assesses applicants against six main criteria. To pass, you need 67 points or more. We will award you a
based on the level of your education compared to Canadian standards.
If you were educated outside Canada, you will only be eligible for FSWP or get CRS points for your education if you submit an ECA.
to see how many points you would get for different credentials, based on the outcome statement included on your ECA report.
CIC will verify the submitted ECA with the organization that produced the report.
Report a problem or mistake on this page
The information you provide through this survey is collected under the authority of the
for the purpose of measuring the performance of Canada.ca and continually improving the website. Your participation is voluntary.
Please do not include sensitive personal information in the message box, such as your name, address, Social Insurance Number, personal finances, medical or work history or any other information by which you or anyone else can be identified by your comments or views.
Any personal information collected will be administered in accordance with the , the
and other applicable privacy laws governing the protection of personal information under the control of the Department of Employment and Social Development. Survey responses will not be attributed to individuals.
If you wish to obtain information related to this survey, you may submit a request to the Department of Employment and Social Development pursuant to the . Instructions for making a request are provided in the publication , copies of which are located in local Service Canada Centres.
You have the right to file a complaint with the Privacy Commissioner of Canada regarding the institution’s handling of your personal information at: .
When making a request, please refer to the name of this survey: Report a Problem or Mistake on This Page.
Please select all that apply:
Something is broken
It has a spelling or grammar mistake
The information is wrong
The information is outdated
I can’t find what I’m looking for
Thank you for your help!
You will not receive a reply. For enquiries,&.
Government of Canada activities and initiatives
Help develop Canada’s first-ever Youth Policy. Shape the future of young people in Canada!
Calling all young Canadian entrepreneurs. Youth Can Do It!
Apply before March 12, 2018. #YCDI
#ChooseScience to #StartYourStory, #DreamBig and #StayCurious.}